SAT语法练习题及答案解析(5)

2022-06-04 12:07:25

  41. Under a provision of the Constitution that was never applied. Congress has been required to call a convention

  for considering possible amendments to the document when formally asked to do it by the legislatures

  of two-thirds of the states.

  (A) was never applied, Congress has been required to call a convention for considering possible

  amendments to the document when formally asked to do it

  (B) was never applied, there has been a requirement that Congress call a convention for consideration of

  possible amendments to the document when asked to do it formally

  (C) was never applied, whereby Congress is required to call a convention for considering possible

  amendments to the document when asked to do it formally

  (D) has never been applied, whereby Congress is required to call a convention to consider possible

  amendments to the document when formally asked to do so

  (E) has never been applied. Congress is required to call a convention to consider possible amendments to

  the document when formally asked to do so

  42. The current administration, being worried over some foreign trade barriers being removed and our exports

  failing to increase as a result of deep cuts in the value of the dollar, has formed a group to study ways to

  sharpen our competitiveness.

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  (A) being worried over some foreign trade barriers being removed and our exports failing

  (B) worrying over some foreign trade barriers being removed, also over the failure of our exports

  (C) worried about the removal of some foreign trade barriers and the failure of our exports

  (D) in that they were worried about the removal of some foreign trade barriers and also about the failure of

  our exports

  (E) because of its worry concerning the removal of some foreign trade barriers, also concerning the failure

  of our exports

  43. In the minds of many people living in England, before Australia was Australia, it was the antipodes, the

  opposite pole to civilization, an obscure and unimaginable place that was considered the end of the world.

  (A) before Australia was Australia, it was the antipodes

  (B) before there was Australia, it was the antipodes

  (C) it was the antipodes that was Australia

  (D) Australia was what was the antipodes

  (E) Australia was what had been known as the antipodes

  44. Using a Doppler ultrasound device, fetal heartbeats can be detected by the twelfth week of pregnancy.

  (A) Using a Doppler ultrasound device, fetal heart-beats can be detected by the twelfth week of pregnancy.

  (B) Fetal heartbeats can be detected by the twelfth week of pregnancy, using a Doppler ultrasound device.

  (C) Detecting fetal heartbeats by the twelfth week of pregnancy, a physician can use a Doppler ultrasound

  device.

  (D) By the twelfth week of pregnancy, fetal heartbeats can be detected using a Doppler ultrasound device

  by a physician.

  (E) Using a Doppler ultrasound device, a physician can detect fetal heartbeats by the twelfth week of

  pregnancy.

  45. Delighted by the reported earnings for the first quarter of the fiscal year, it was decided by the

  company manager to give her staff a raise.

  (A) it was decided by the company manager to give her staff a raise

  (B) the decision of the company manager was to give her staff a raise

  (C) the company manager decided to give her staff a raise

  (D) the staff was given a raise by the company manager

  (E) a raise was given to the staff by the company manager

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  46. A study commissioned by the Department of Agriculture showed that if calves exercise and associated with

  other calves, they will require less medication and gain weight quicker than do those raised in confinement.

  (A) associated with other calves, they will require less medication and gain weight quicker than do

  (B) associated with other calves, they require less medication and gain weight quicker than

  (C) associate with other calves, they required less medication and will gain weight quicker than do

  (D) associate with other calves, they have required less medication and will gain weight more quickly than

  do

  (E) associate with other calves, they require less medication and gain weight more quickly than

  47. Displays of the aurora borealis, or "northern lights," can heat the atmosphere over the arctic enough to#p#分页标题#e#

  affect the trajectories of ballistic missiles, induce electric currents that can cause blackouts in some areas

  and corrosion in north-south pipelines.

  (A) to affect the trajectories of ballistic missiles, induce

  (B) that the trajectories of ballistic missiles are affected, induce

  (C) that it affects the trajectories of ballistic missiles, induces

  (D) that the trajectories of ballistic missiles are affected and induces

  (E) to affect the trajectories of ballistic missiles and induce

  48. The golden crab of the Gulf of Mexico has not been fished commercially in great numbers, primarily on

  account of living at great depths-- 2,500 to 3,000 feet down.

  (A) on account of living

  (B) on account of their living

  (C) because it lives

  (D) because of living

  (E) being they live

  49. The cameras of the Voyager II spacecraft detected six small, previously unseen moons circling Uranus,

  which doubles to twelve the number of satellites now known as orbiting the distant planet

  (A) which doubles to twelve the number of satellites now known as orbiting

  (B) doubling to twelve the number of satellites now known to orbit

  (C) which doubles to twelve the number of satellites now known in orbit around

  (D) doubling to twelve the number of satellites now known as orbiting

  (E) which doubles to twelve the number of satellites now known that orbit

  50. As a baby emerges from the darkness of the womb with a rudimentary sense of vision, it would be rated

  about 20/500. or legally blind if it were an adult with such vision.

  (A) As a baby emerges from the darkness of the womb with a rudimentary sense of vision, it would be

  rated about 20/500, or legally blind if it were an adult with such vision.

  (B) A baby emerges from the darkness of the womb with a rudimentary sense of vision that would be rated

  about 20/500, or legally blind as an adult

  (C) As a baby emerges from the darkness of the womb, its rudimentary sense of vision would be rated

  about 20/500; qualifying it to be legally blind if an adult

  (D) A baby emerges from the darkness of the womb with a rudimentary sense of vision that would be rated

  about 20/500; an adult with such vision would be deemed legally blind.

  (E) As a baby emerges from the darkness of the womb, its rudimentary sense of vision, which would

  deemed legally blind for an adult, would be rated about 20/500.

  Answer to Question 41

  Choices A, B, C, and D contain tense errors (the use of was never applied with has been required in A, for

  example), unidiomatic expressions (call... for considering), and uses of a pronoun (it) with no noun referent.

  By introducing the subordinating conjunction whereby, C and D produce sentence fragments. Only E, the best

  choice, corrects all of these problems. The predicate has never been applied refers to a span of time, from the

  writing of the Constitution to the present, rather than to a past event (as was does), and the phrase is required

  indicates that the provision still applies. The phrase call... to consider is idiomatic, and to do so can substitute

  grammatically for it.

  Answer to Question 42

  Choice C is best because its phrasing is parallel and concise. A, D, and E begin with unnecessarily wordy

  phrases. Choice C also uses the idiomatic expression worried about rather than worried over (as in A) or

  worrying over (as in B); worried about is preferable when describing a condition rather than an action.

  Whereas C uses compact and parallel noun phrases such as the removal... and the failure ... , the other

  choices employ phrases that are wordy, awkward, or nonparallel. D is also flawed in that the plural pronoun they

  does not agree with the singular noun administration.

  Answer to Question 43

  Choice A is best, for A alone makes clear that the land now known as Australia was considered the antipodes

  before it was developed. In B, it has no logical referent, because the previous clause describes a time when

  there was no Australia. Nor does it have a referent in C: substituting Australia for it produces a nonsensical

  statement. D is wordy, with the unnecessary what was, and imprecise in suggesting that Australia was

  considered the antipodes after it became Australia. E similarly distorts the original meaning, and the past perfect#p#分页标题#e#

  had been is inconsistent with the past tense used to establish a time frame for the rest of the sentence.

  Answer to Question 44

  Choice A presents a dangling modifier. The phrase beginning the sentence has no noun that it can logically

  modify and hence cannot fit anywhere in the sentence and make sense. Coming first, it modifies heartbeats, the

  nearest free noun in the main clause; that is, choice A says that the heartbeats are using the Doppler ultrasound

  device. Choice B contains the same main clause and dangling modifier, now at the end. Contrary to intent, the

  wording in choice C suggests that physicians can use a Doppler ultrasound device after they detect fetal

  heartbeats. In choice D the phrase using ... device should follow physician, the noun it modifies. Choice E is

  best.

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  Answer to Question 45

  Grammatically, the participial phrase beginning delighted must modify the subject of the main clause. Because

  it is the manager who was delighted, choice C, in which the company manager appears as the subject, is the

  best answer. Choices A, B, D, and E create illogical statements by using it, the decision, the staff, and a raise,

  respectively, as the sentence subject. Use of the passive voice in A, D, and E produces unnecessary wordiness,

  as does the construction the decision of the company manager was to in B.

  Answer to Question 46

  Choice E, the best answer, uses the adverbial phrase more quickly than to modify the verb phrase gain weight.

  In A, B, and C, quicker than is incorrect because an adjective should not be used to modify a verb phrase. E is

  also the only choice with consistent verb tenses. The first verb in the clauses introduced by showed that is

  exercise. A and B incorrectly compound that present tense verb with a past tense verb, associated. C and D

  correctly use associate, but C follows with the past tense required and D with the present perfect have

  required. Both C and D incorrectly conclude with the future tense will gain.

  Answer to Question 47

  The use of the phrasing can heat... enough to affect in A and E is more idiomatic than the use of the

  subordinate clause beginning with that in B, C, and D. Also, B produces an illogical and ungrammatical

  statement by making induce parallel with the verb heat rather than with the appropriate form of the verb affect;

  C lacks agreement in using the singular pronoun it to refer to the plural noun displays; and D is faulty because

  induces cannot fit grammatically with any noun in the sentence. Choice A incorrectly separates the two

  infinitives to affect and [to] induce with a comma when it should compound them with and, as does E, the best

  choice.

  Answer to Question 48

  As used in choices A, B, and D, the phrases on account of and because of are unidiomatic; because, which

  appears in C and E, is preferable here since because can introduce a complete subordinate clause explaining

  the reason why the golden crab has not been fished extensively. B and E also produce agreement errors by

  using the plural pronouns their and they to refer to the singular noun crab. Choice D, like A, fails to provide a

  noun or pronoun to perform the action of living, but even with its the phrases would be more awkward and less

  clear than it lives. C, which uses because and it as the singular subject of a clause, is the best choice.

  Answer to Question 49

  The pronoun which should be used to refer to a previously mentioned noun, not to the idea expressed in an entire

  clause. In A, C, and E, which seems to refer to a vague concept involving the detection of moons, but there is no

  specific noun, such as detection, to which it can refer. Also in E, the use of the phrasing the number... now known that

  orbit is ungrammatical and unclear. B and D use the correct participial form, doubling, to modify the preceding

  clause, but D, like A, uses known as orbiting rather than known to orbit, a phrase that is more idiomatic in context. B,

  therefore, is the best answer.

  Answer to Question 50

  In choice A, it, the subject of the main clause, seems to refer to baby, the subject of the subordinate clause; thus, A

  seems to state that the newbom baby, rather than its sense of vision, would be rated 20/500. Similarly, choices B and

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  A, B, and D illogically suggest that the palace and temple clusters were architects and stonemasons. For the#p#分页标题#e#

  modification to be logical. Architects and stonemasons must immediately precede the Maya, the noun phrase it is

  meant to modify. A, B, and D also use the passive verb form were built, which produces unnecessary awkwardness

  and wordiness. E is awkwardly phrased and produces a sentence fragment, because the appositive noun phrase

  Architects and stonemasons cannot serve as the subject of were the Maya. C, the best answer, places the Maya

  immediately after its modifier and uses the active verb form built.

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